How Is Easter Determined Every Year – Easter 2022 will be observed on Sunday, April 17! Easter is a “mobile feast” that always falls on a Sunday between March 22 and April 25. Why is Easter so late this year? Find out why the date changes every year and how this holiday relates to the first full moon of spring.
This year, Easter will be observed on Sunday, April 17. (Eastern Orthodox Easter falls on Sunday, April 24.)
How Is Easter Determined Every Year
Easter is a “mobile feast”, so it doesn’t happen on the same date year after year. However, it is always observed on a Sunday between March 22 and April 25.
Why Is Easter Different Every Year?
This year’s Easter falls just one day after the April full moon (Saturday, April 16), which is the first full moon to occur after the vernal equinox (March 21), and hence the “Pascal full” moon in the Christian calendar. Long story short, Easter always occurs on the first Sunday after the Easter full moon, which is why Easter is so late this year. Read more about this curious connection below!
Over a period of 500 years (AD 1600 to 2099), it so happened that Easter would often be celebrated on March 31 or April 16.
Many Eastern Orthodox churches follow the Julian calendar rather than the Gregorian. In this case, Easter may fall between April 4 and May 8.
Specifically, Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the full moon that occurs on the ecclesiastical vernal equinox (March 21). Yes, it’s a little confusing on first reading!
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Let’s summarize: the ecclesiastical vernal equinox (in other words, the date observed by the Christian Church) has a date set for March 21st. The first full moon since March 21st is on Saturday, April 16 this year. Therefore, Easter will be observed on the following Sunday, which is Sunday, April 17, 2022.
Note that the date of the equinox (the “ecclesiastical” date) used by the Christian Church differs from the astronomical date of the equinox, which may vary from year to year. In 2022, the astronomical date of the equinox was Sunday, March 20.
In the Christian calendar, the first full moon of spring is called the “Paschal Full Moon” (which we’ll explain later). So, to put it another way: Easter is celebrated on the Sunday after the full moon.
Generally, if the full moon occurs on the same day as the vernal equinox, Easter is celebrated on the following Sunday. However, there is a caveat:
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Long ago, the Christian Church decided to simplify the process of calculating the date of Easter by always observing the vernal equinox on March 21, although the date of the equinox is changing over time and getting earlier.
The equinox date can sometimes cause confusion, as it did in 2019 when the full moon and astronomical equinox occurred on the same day – Wednesday, March 20.
According to the formula above, this should mean that Easter will be celebrated on Sunday, March 24. However, since the Church observes the equinox on March 21st, technically the full moon did not occur “on or after” the equinox, meaning that the next full moon would determine the date of Easter. So, in 2019, Easter was held on Sunday, April 21, after the full moon on Friday, April 19.
In referring to the full moon, Pasquale refers to the full moon date which was fixed many years ago as the 14th day of the lunar month. Ancient calculations (made in 325 AD) did not take into account some lunar movements.
Easter Follows The Correlation Of The Moon
Thus, the Pascal full moon is the 14th day of a lunar month that occurs on or after March 21 according to a specific set of religious calendars, which does not always coincide with the date of the astronomical full moon near the astronomical equinox. the spring
It sounds complicated, but the basic idea is to simplify date calculation for modern calendars. Rest assured, Easter dates are calculated in advance. See here for past and future Easter dates.
Want to read more about Easter and the Paschal Full Moon? See our article on their curious connection here.
Readers often ask us about the Golden Number, which was traditionally used in calculations to determine the date of Easter.
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The golden number is a standard used to show the date of the new moon each year following a 19-year cycle.
The moon repeats the dates of its phases approximately every 19 years (metonic cycle), and the golden number represents a year in that cycle. Cycle years can then be used to determine the date of Easter.
Add 1 to any year and divide the result by 19, rounding to the nearest whole number; The rest are golden numbers. If there is no remainder, the golden number is 19.
For example, to calculate the golden number for 2022, we take 2022 and add 1, resulting in 2023, and divide evenly by 19, leaving 9 to give us 106. So the golden number for 2022 is 9, which means that 2022 is the year of the 9th metonic cycle.
Why Easter And Passover Are Observed On Different Dates Each Year
Observed regularly since the early days of the Church, Easter celebrates Christ’s resurrection from the dead after his crucifixion. It marks the end of Holy Week, the end of Lent and the last day of the Easter Triduum (from Holy Thursday night to Good Friday, Holy Saturday and Easter Sunday) as well as the beginning of Easter. Easter is the liturgical time of the year
Easter, also called Easter or Resurrection Sunday, is a festival and holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead.
, the Hebrew word for Passover. Going back to the Hebrew Bible and the story of the first Passover, Moses tells the Israelites to slaughter a Passover lamb and paint its blood on their doors. The Lord saved the Israelites from death at their gates and “did not let the destroyer enter your houses” (Exodus 12:23).
In the New Testament (1 Corinthians 5:7), Paul connects the resurrected Christ with Easter. He refers to Jesus as the Passover lamb that was sacrificed for the salvation of his people. Jesus celebrated the Last Supper with his disciples during Passover, so it makes sense that the festival of resurrection is associated with a Jewish holiday. Today, Christians celebrate the “Paschal Mystery”.
Easter Trivia Questions & Answers
So where does the word “Easter” come from? The exact origin of the word “Easter” is unclear. It is not as simple as saying it has religious origins or pagan origins.
, Latin for “white week”, used to describe the white robes new Christians wore when baptized during Holy Week. In Old German, the word became
, also the dawn goddess, who originated in what is now Scandinavia. In time, early Christians began to refer to the Feast of the Resurrection by the name of the month in which it was celebrated—
May be an Old German word for “east”, which in turn derives from a Latin word for “dawn”. In the past, the word
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It could mean “facing east” or “going up” and did not necessarily have any underlying religious meaning. (Note: It was the Germans who invented the “Easter Bunny” who went to the homes of “good” children, just as they invented Santa Claus.)
In short, no one really knows the etymological origin of the word “Easter”. It is one of the oldest words in Old English.
In the end, it doesn’t matter whether Easter comes from the goddess of dawn or the Latin word for dawn. In any language, Easter today is a Christian holiday celebrating the resurrection of Christ and a reminder of the life that death brings.
Traditional Easter dishes include seasonal products as well as symbols of spring such as lamb, ham, eggs, asparagus, peas, warm rolls and sweet rolls, and a carrot cake. According to the biblical record, the events of Jesus’ death and resurrection took place during the Jewish celebration of Passover.
How Do They Determine What Date Easter Will Occur On?
Passover celebrates the liberation of the Jewish people from their captivity in Egypt. It begins on the 15th day of Nisan in the Hebrew calendar, lasting seven to eight days in the spring. Jesus associated his death with the Passover lamb at his last meal with the disciples.
In the early days, several Christian churches celebrated on different days which were then called Pasha. Some observe it on Easter, or more commonly on the Sunday after Easter.
Finally, in 325 AD the Universal Council of Nicaea set the date to celebrate the Resurrection of Christ. It will be the first Sunday after the full moon on or after the first vernal equinox of the year.
The vernal equinox occurs twice a year when the sun is directly above the equator and day and night are of equal length.
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While the Western Christian Church adopted the Gregorian calendar in the late 1500s, the Eastern Church continued to use the Julian calendar to calculate the holiest of Christian festivals. Therefore, Orthodox churches today usually celebrate the Risen Jesus on a different day than other churches.
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